THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


7.-  /3 


B.  0.  BAKE* 

LAWYER 
tAilAS,  TEXAS 


SELECTIONS 


FROM 


LINCOLN'S    SPEECHES 


AND 

LETTERS 

ARRANGED    FOR 
LEARNERS    OF    MUNSON    PHONOGRAPHY 

BY 

BERTHA  CROCKER 


S.  S.  PACKARD,  PUBLISHER 

NEW  YORK 


The   Packard  Series    of   Munson 
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PUBLISHER'S  NOTE 

This  reading  book  is  a  transcription  of  "Selections  from 
Lincoln's  Speeches  and  Letters,"  edited  by  Bliss  Perry  and 
published  by  Doubleday,  Page  &  Company,  whose  courtesy 
in  permitting  us  to  use  the  matter  we  gratefully  acknowl- 
edge.  It  has  been  chosen  because  of  the  simplicity  of  the 
language  and  the  intrinsic  interest  and  inspiration  it  con- 
tains  for  American  youth.  As  a  text-book  it  is  planned  to 
follow  How  TO  MAKE  A  LIVING  as  a  reader.  The  short- 
hand  script  is  in  accordance  with  the  principles  of  PRACTICAL 
PHONOGRAPHY,  the  phrasing  being  the  simple,  natural,  and 
free  phrasing  of  the  practical  stenographer,  with  no  thought 
of  producing  problems  for  the  rupil  to  solve. 


448301 


"He  knew  to  bide  his  time, 

And  can  his  fame  abide, 

Still  patient  in  his  simple  faith  sublime, 

Till  the  wise  years  decide. 

Great  captains,  with  their  guns  and  drums, 

Disturb  our  judgment  for  the  hour, 

But  at  last  silence  comes; 

These   all    are   gone,  and,   standing  like  a 
tower, 

Our  children  shall  behold  his  fame, 

The  kindly-earnest,  brave,  foreseeing  man, 

Sagacious,     patient,    dreading    praise,    not 
blame, 

New  birth  of  our  new  soil,  the  first  Ameri- 
can." 

LOWELL,  Commemoration  Ode. 


CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Editor's  Introduction 9 

Speeches — Selected 

The  Whigs  and  the  Mexican  War 13 

Notes  for  a  Law  Lecture 16 

Fragment  on  Slavery 19 

The  Dred  Scott  Decision  and  the  Declaration  of 

Independence  21 

Springfield  Speech 28 

Cooper  Union  Speech 37 

Farewell  at  Springfield  59 

Speech  in  Independence  Hall,   Philadelphia 60 

First  Inaugural  Address 62 

Emancipation   Proclamaticn  73 

Gettysburg  Address 76 

Speech  to  166th  Ohio  Regiment 78 

Response  to  a  Serenade 79 

Reply  to  Committee  on  Electoral  Count 81 

Second  Inaugural  Address 82 

Lincoln's  Lost  Speech 99 

Letters 

To  McClellan  85 

To  Seward 86 

To  Greeley 88 

To  tiie  Workingmen  of  Manchester 90 

To  Hooker 92 

To  Burnside 94 

To  Edward  Everett 95 

To  Grant 96 

To  Mrs.  Bixby 97 

To  Thurlow  Weed .  98 


B.  0.  BAK 

. 


EDITOR'S  INTRODUCTION 

"It  is  not  too  much  to  say  of  him  [Lincoln]  that  }ie  is  among  the  greatest 
masters  of  prose  ever  produced  by  the  English  race." — The  (London)  Spectator. 


10 


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THE  WHIGS  AND  THE  MEXICAN  WAR 

July  27,  1848 

[An  extract  from  a  speech  delivered  in  the  House  of  Representatives  while  Lincoln 
was  a  Congressman  from  Illinois.  The  speech  was  in  support  of  General  Taylor,  the 
Whig  candidate  for  the  Presidency.  Lincoln  had  opposed  President  Folk's  declaration 
of  war  against  Mexico,  had  introduced  resolutions  of  inquiry  on  that  subject,  and  made 
a  strong  speech  on  January  12,  1848,  explaining  his  own  attitude.  The  speech  of  July 
27  was  full  of  wit,  at  times  more  caustic  than  refined.  The  extract  here  presented 
sums  up  clearly  Lincoln's  views  as  to  the  Mexican  War,  and  is  a  good  example  of  his 
best  parliamentary  style  at'  this  stage  of  his  career.] 


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NOTES  FOR  A  LAW  LECTURE 
July  1,  1860 

[These  notes  show  Lincoln's  power  of  straightforward  statement  and  his  good 
sense.  They  are  of  additional  interest  as  indicating  his  attitude  toward  professional 
success.] 


NOTES  FOR  A  LAW  LECTURE 


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FRAGMENT  ON  SLAVERY 
July  1,  1854 

[From  early  manhood  Lincoln's  sympathies  had  been  strongly  enlisted  on  behalf  of 
the  slaves.  The  contrast  between  slave  labor  and  free  labor  has  never  been  stated 
more  tersely  and  vividly  than  here.  The  sentence,  "Twenty-five  years  ago  I  was  a 
hired  laborer,"  should  be  noted.] 


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THE  DRED  SCOTT  DECISION  AND  THE 
DECLARATION  OF  INDEPENDENCE 

June  26,  1857 

[This  is  an  extract  from  a  speech  delivered  at  Springfield,  111.  It  was  intended  as  a 
reply  to  a  speech  of  Stephen  A.  Douglas  two  weeks  earlier  upon  the  subject  of  slavery 
in  the  Territories.  Douglas  was  the  author  of  the  Kansas-Nebraska  bill,  passed  in 
1854,  which  gave  the  Territories  the  right  to  decide  whether  they  would  have  slavery. 
The  Dred  Scott  decision  was  published  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  in 
1857,  and  was  to  the  effect  that  a  slave  or  the  descendant  of  a  slave  could  not  be  a  citi- 
zen of  the  United  States  or  have  any  standing  in  the  Federal  courts.  Lincoln  contrasts 
the  spirit  of  this  decision  with  that  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  with  a  skill  and 
force  that  will  be  apparent  to  every  reader.  He  repeated  the  substance  of  the  argu- 
ment over  and  over  again  in  his  joint  debates  with  Douglas  in  the  following  year.] 


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SPRINGFIELD  SPEECH 
June  16,  1858 

Speech  delivered  at  Springfield,  Illinois,  at  the  close  of  the  Republican  State  Conven- 
tion by  which  Mr.  Lincoln  had  been  named  as  their  candidate  for  United  States 
Senator. 

[The  opening  paragraph  of  this  speech  was  prepared  with  the  most  extreme  care, 
and  probably  did  more  to  influence  Lincoln's  political  future  than  anything  he  ever 
wrote.  His  best  friends  thought  it  impolitic  to  utter  the  sentiment  that  the  "govern- 
ment cannot  endure  permanently  half  slave  and  half  free." 

For  the  immediate  purpose  of  that  campaign  they  were  right,  for  this  paragraph,  in 
the  opinion  of  many  good  judges,  was  the  cause  of  Lincoln's  defeat  by  Douglas.  But 
the  constant  discussion  of  those  sentences  in  the  great  series  of  joint  debates  with 
Douglas  during  the  summer  and  autumn  brought  Lincoln's  views  before  the  whole 
country,  and  was  an  important  element  in  his  selection  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
the  Presidency  in  1860.  The  entire  speech,  read  in  the  light  of  subsequent  history, 
affords  remarkable  evidence  not  only  of  Lincoln's  shrewdness  as  a  party  leader,  but  of 
his  political  wisdom  in  the  highest  sense.] 


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February  27,  1860 

[This  was  Lincoln's  first  appearance  before  an  Eastern  audience.  The  speech  cost 
him  a  great  deal  of  labor,  and  was  most  heartily  received. — See  Morse's  "Abraham 
Lincoln,"  I,  153-156.] 


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FAREWELL  AT  SPRINGFIELD 
February  11,  1861 

[These  words,  to  which  subsequent  events  have  given  an  added  note  of  solemnity, 
were  spoken  to  a  vast  audience  of  Lincoln's  fellow-citizens  upon  the  rainy  February 
day  when  he  left  Springfield  for  Washington  to  assume  the  duties  of  the  Presidency.] 


SPEECH  IN  INDEPENDENCE  HALL, 

PHILADELPHIA 

February  22,  1861 

[During  the  journey  to  Washington  Lincoln  made  many  brief  addresses.  The  fol- 
lowing, spoken  in  Independence  Hall,  Philadelphia,  upon  Washington's  Birthday,  is  one 
of  the  most  felicitous,  and  the  time  and  place  of  its  delivery  give  it  additional  interest.] 


61 


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FIRST  INAUGURAL  ADDRESS 


March  4,  1861 

["Mr.  Lincoln  was  simply  introduced  by  Senator  Baker,  of  Oregon,  and  delivered 
his  inaugural  address.  His  voice  had  great  carrying  capacity,  and  the  vast  crowd  heard 
with  ease  a  speech  of  which  every  sentence  was  fraught  with  an  importance  and  scru- 
tinized with  an  anxiety  far  beyond  that  of  any  other  speech  ever  delivered  in  the 
United  States.  .  .  .  The  inaugural  address  was  simple,  earnest,  and  direct,  unincum- 
bered  by  that  rhetorical  ornamentation  which  the  American  people  have  always  admired 
as  the  highest  form  of  eloquence.  Those  Northerners  who  had  expected  magniloquent 
periods  and  exaggerated  outbursts  of  patriotism  were  disappointed,  and  as  they  listened 
in  vain  for  the  scream  of  the  eagle,  many  grumbled  at  the  absence  of  what  they  con- 
ceived to  be  farce.  Yet  the  general  feeling  was  of  satisfaction,  which  grew  as  the 
address  was  more  thoroughly  studied."  —  Morse's  "Abraham  Lincoln."] 


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EMANCIPATION  PROCLAMATION 

January  1,  1863 

BY  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  OF  AMERICA  : 
A  Proclamation 


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GETTYSBURG  ADDRESS 

November  19,  1863 

[The  national  military  cemetery  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  was  dedicated  with  solemn  cer- 
emonies on  November  19,  1863,  as  a  memorial  of  the  three  days'  battle  fought  in  the 
previous  July,  which  proved  to  be  the  turning-point  of  the  Civil  War.  The  formal 
oration  of  the  day  was  pronounced  by  Edward  Everett,  but  the  President  was  asked  to 
add  a  word.  His  biographer,  Mr.  J.  G.  Nicolay,  has  given  an  interesting  account  of 
the  preparation  of  the  address.  (Century  Magazine,  Vol.  XLVII)  It  was  delivered 
without  any  effort  at  oratorical  effect ;  but  its  perfection  of  feeling  and  of  phrase  was 
instantly  and  universally  recognized.  To  have  composed  the  Gettysburg  address  is 
proof  enough,  were  there  no  other,  of  Lincoln's  place  among  the  masters  of  English 
speech.  His  letter  to  Edward  Everett  acknowledging  the  latter*s  praise,  and  compli- 
menting Everett  in  turn,  is  included  in  this  volume  of  selections.] 


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August  22,  1864 


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RESPONSE  TO  SERENADE 

November  10,  1864 
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REPLY  TO  COMMITTEE  ON  THE 
ELECTORAL  COUNT 

February  9,  1865 

[Lincoln  had  been  renominated  for  the  Presidency  by  the  Republican  Convention 
which  met  in  Baltimore  on  June  7,  1864,  and  was  elected  on  November  8  by  a  plurality 
of  nearly  half  a  million  in  the  popular  vote.  In  the  Electoral  College  he  had  212  votes 
to  21  for  McClellan.] 


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81 


SECOND  INAUGURAL  ADDRESS 
March  4,  1865 

["The  'Second  Inaugural'— a  written  composition,  though  read  to  the  citizens  from 
the  steps  of  the  Capitol— well  illustrates  our  words.  Mr.  Lincoln  had  to  tell  his 
countrymen  that,  after  a  four  years'  struggle,  the  war  was  practically  ended.  The  four 
years'  agony,  the  passion  of  love  which  he  felt  for  his  country,  his  joy  in  her  salvation, 
his  sense  of  tenderness  for  those  who  fell,  of  pity  mixed  with  sternness  for  the  men 
who  had  deluged  the  land  with  blood — all  the  thoughts  these  feelings  inspired  were  be- 
hind Lincoln  pressing  for  expression.  A  writer  of  less  power  would  have  been  over- 
whelmed. Lincoln  remained  master  of  the  emotional  and  intellectual  situation.  In 
three  or  four  hundred  words  that  burn  with  the  heat  of  their  compression,  he  tells  the 
history  of  the  war  and  reads  its  lesson.  No  nobler  thoughts  were  ever  conceived.  No 
man  ever  found  words  more  adequate  to  his  desire.  Here  is  the  whole  tale  of  the 
nation's  shame  and  misery,  of  her  heroic  struggles  to  free  herself  therefrom,  and  of  her 
victory.  Had  Lincoln  written  a  hundred  times  as  much  more,  he  would  not-  have  said 
more  fully  what  he  desired  to  say.  Every  thought  receives  its  complete  expression,  and 
there  is  no  word  employed  which  does  not  directly  and  manifestly  contribute  to  the  de- 
velopment of  the  central  thought."— The  (London)  Spectator,  May  2,  1891. 

Compare  also  Lincoln's  letter  to  Thurlow  Weed  at  the  close  of  this  volume  of 
selections.] 


SECOND  INAUGURAL  ADDRESS 


83 


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ABRAHAM  LINCOLN 


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TO  McCLELLAN 
February  3,  1862 

[General  McClellan  had  succeeded  General  Scott  on  November  1,  1831,  as  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  (under  the  President)  of  all  the  armies  of  the  United  States.  On 
January  31,  1862,  the  President  had  issued  his  "Special  War  Order  No.  1,"  directing  a 
forward  movement  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  This  order  conflicted  with  plans 
which  McClellan  had  formed,,  and  he  remonstrated.  Lincoln's  reply  is  a  good  illustra- 
tion of  his  power  of  compact  statement,  as  well  as  his  mastery  of  the  military  situation.] 


X. 


TO  SEWARD 
June  28,  1862 

[This  letter  was  written  to  W.  H.  Seward,  the  Secretary  of  State,  shortly  after  the 
Union  victories  in  Kentucky  and  Tennessee  and  upon  the  Mississippi  River,  in  the  spring 
of  1862.] 

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TO  SEWARD 


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TO  GREELEY 

August  22,  1862 

[Horace  Greeley,  the  famous  editor  of  the  New  York  Tribune,  though  an  ardent 
opponent  of  slavery,  was  a  constant  critic  of  Lincoln's  policy,  and  indeed  opposed  his 
renomination  for  the  Presidency.  His  erratic  editorials  concerning  the  Administration 
were  a  continual  source  of  anxiety  to  Lincoln.] 


TO  GREELEY 

\ 


\ 


TO  THE  WORKINGMEN  OF  MANCHESTER 
January  19,  1863 

[The  blockade  of  Confederate  ports  during  the  war  was  naturally  a  severe  blow  to 
the  English  manufacturing  centres  like  Manchester,  which  had  depended  upon  the 
Southern  States  for  their  supply  of  cotton.  But  the  working  classes  of  England,  in 
marked  contrast  with  the  upper  classes,  displayed  strong  Union  sympathies  throughout 
the  struggle.  An  address  from  the  Manchester  workingmen  called  forth  this  admir- 
able reply  from  the  President.] 


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TO  THE  WORKINGMEN  OF  MANCHESTER 


91 


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TO  HOOKER 

January  26,  1863 

[This  letter  to  General  Joseph  Hooker,  appointing  him  the  successor  to  General 
Burnside  as  commander  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  is  one  of  Lincoln's  most  char- 
acteristic utterances — frank,  kind,  and  gravely  ironical.  Notice  the  phrase,  "I  will 
risk  the  dictatorship."] 


TO  HOOKER 


93 


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TO  BURNSIDE 
July  27,  1863 

[This  telegram  is  noticeable  for  its  brief  but  comprehensive  description  of  General 
Jrant] 


TO  EDWARD  EVERETT 

November  20,  1863 
[See  the  note  prefixed  to  Lincoln's  Gettysburg  address.] 


95 


TO  GRANT 

April  30,  1864 

[The  spring  campaign  of  1864  marked  "the  beginning  of  the  end"  of  the  Rebellion. 
This  letter  is  one  of  many  proofs  of  Lincoln's  absolute  confidence  in  Grant's  generalship,] 


L 


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TO  MRS.   BIXBY 
November  21,  1864 


97 


TO  THURLOW  WEED 
March  15,  1865 

[This  most  interesting  letter,  written  a  month  before  Lincoln's  assassination,  should 
be  read  in  connection  with  the  second  inaugural  address.] 


LINCOLN'S  LOST  SPEECH"* 


'  Copyright,  1896,  by  Sarah  A.  Whitney. 

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^Statutes  of  Kansas,  1855,  Chapter  151,  Section  12.  If  any  free  person,  by  speaking  or  b;, 
writing,  assert  or  maintain  that  persons  have  not  the  right  to  hold  slaves  in  this  Territory,  or  shall 
introduce  into  this  Territory,  print,  publish,  write,  circulate ....  any  book,  paper,  magazine,  pamph- 
let, or  circular  containing  any  denial  of  the  right  of  persons  to  hold  slaves  in  this  Territory,  such 
person  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  felony,  and  punished  by  imprisonment  at  hard  labor  for  a  term  of 
not  less  than  two  years. 

Sec.  13.  No  person  who  is  conscientiously  opposed  to  holding  slaves,  or  who  does  not  admit  the 
right  to  hold  slaves  in  this  Territory,  shall  sit  as  a  juror  on  the  trial  of  any  prosecution  for  any  viola- 
tion of  any  sections  of  this  Act. 


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